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Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 662–669, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.66
Graphical Abstract
Figure 1: Structures of silibinin, isosilybin, and silychristin, and hydnocarpin-type flavonolignans.
Figure 2: Synthetic strategy of semi-synthesis of hydnocarpins from silybins [22].
Scheme 1: Synthesis of ester derivatives of silibinin and conversion to hydnocarpin-type compounds. Reaction ...
Figure 3: Putative mechanism of dehydration of flavanonols under Mitsunobu conditions.
Scheme 2: Attempt to dehydrate catechin. Reagents and conditions: a) p-nitrobenzoic acid, Ph3P, DIAD, THF, rt...
Scheme 3: Preparation of hydnocarpin (4) and isohydnocarpin (6) and attempt to dehydrate silydianin A (11). R...
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 1047–1063, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.105
Figure 1: Selected naturally occurring trans-silybins and their acetates.
Figure 2: Isosilybins occurring as minor components of silymarin.
Figure 3: Structures of cis-derivatives obtained by the isomerization of 1 using BF3·OEt2 in EtOAc.
Scheme 1: Silybin A and silybin B isomerizations into their 2,3-cis-isomers (DMF).
Scheme 2: Silybin B isomerization in EtOAc.
Scheme 3: Isomerization of silybin A in EtOAc.
Scheme 4: Schematic flowchart of the procedures for the preparation and the isolation of cis-silybin isomers (...
Figure 4: ECD spectrum of silybin B (1b) and its separation (in a crude approximation) into two π-conjugated ...
Figure 5: Synthetic and natural (benzodioxane-type) compounds related to silybin stereoisomers with known abs...
Scheme 5: Proposed mechanisms of Lewis acid catalyzed isomerization at the benzopyranone ring of 23-O-acetyls...
Figure 6: Taxillusin, (2R,3R)-taxifolin 3-β-D-glucopyranoside 6''-gallate (24).
Scheme 6: Proposed mechanism of Lewis acid catalyzed isomerization of benzodioxane part of 23-O-acetylsilybin...
Figure 7: Spatial distribution of nucleophilic f−(r) (blue) and electrophilic f+(r) (blue) Fukui functions of...